October 23, 2020 – Results from the randomized controlled TARGET FFR trial show that while a physiology-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) optimization strategy did not achieve a significant increase in the proportion of patients with final fractional flow reserve (FFR) ≥0.90, it reduced the proportion of patients with a residual FFR ≤0.80 following PCI.
The research was reported today at 2020 Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) Connect virtual symposium of the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF).
“When assessing the proposed optimal post-PCI FFR cutoff value of ≥0.90, we found that the majority of patients with angiographically acceptable PCI results actually have a physiologically suboptimal outcome,” said Damien Collison, M.D., interventional cardiologist at the Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland. “Up to 30% of patients may even have a final FFR result that remains below the guideline-directed threshold for performing revascularization in the first place. In our randomized controlled trial, application of an FFR-guided optimization strategy after stenting led to improvements in both FFR and CFR and significantly reduced the proportion of patients with a final post-PCI FFR ≤0.80.”
The study enrolled 260 patients that were randomized between March 2018 and November 2019 at a single site. Following angiographically successful PCI procedures, patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either a physiology-guided incremental optimization strategy (PIOS intervention group, n=131) or blinded post-PCI coronary physiology measurements (control group, n=129). Patients undergoing successful, standard-of-care PCI for either stable angina or medically stabilized non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) were eligible for randomization.
The trial’s primary endpoint was defined as the proportion of patients with a final post-PCI FFR result ≥0.90. The study found that the incidence of final FFR ≥0.90 was 10% higher in the PIOS group than the control group but that the difference was not statistically significant (38.1 vs. 28.1%, p=0.099). However, the study’s secondary endpoint, the proportion of patients with final FFR ≤0.80, was significantly lower in the PIOS group (18.6 vs. 29.8%, p=0.045).
Based on FFR pullback assessment of the stented vessel, a target for further optimization was present in 60 of the 131 (46%) patients randomized to PIOS, and operators considered it appropriate to perform additional post-dilatation +/- stenting in 40 of these 60 (66%) patients. Among patients who had further intervention/optimization performed, mean post-PCI FFR increased significantly from 0.76 to 0.82 (p<.001) and mean coronary flow reserve (CFR) increased from 3 to 4 (p=.02).
The TARGET FFR trial was funded by NHS National Waiting Times Centre Board endowment funds. Dr. Collison reported the following disclosures: consulting fees/honoraria from Abbott Medical and MedAlliance.
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