Videos | Coronavirus (COVID-19) | May 18, 2020

VIDEO: Overview of Hydroxychloroquine and FDA Warning in its use to Treat COVID-19

Marianne Pop, Pharm.D., BCPS, a clinical pharmacist and clinical assistant professor with the regional pharmacy program, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy. She specializes in emergency medicine pharmacy as part of the regional pharmacy program at OSF Saint Anthony Medical Center in Rockford, Ill. In this interview she offers an overview of using hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in relation to the recent FDA warning about its use causing increase cardiac issues, and data on its effectiveness to date.

Cardiology societies issued warnings soon after hydroxychloroquine started to be used as a treatment and the prevention of COVID-19. The drug has been used for decades to prevent malaria and to treat rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. However, some case reports indicate it can cause ECG QT-interval prolongation, which causes cardiac arrhythmias. Cardiologists say COVID also can cause myocarditis, which can initiate arrhythmias. Other drugs being used to treat COVID, such as azithromycin, also cause arrhythmias. These drugs combined with myocarditis can compound the arrhythmia issue, leading to serious adverse effects, including some patients deaths. This is what the FDA reported in a warning to clinicians in late April. 

However, there are numerous advocates that argue hydroxychloroquine needs to be used in less sick patients who are not already hypoxic to treat COVID and it is being used primarily in very sick patients where it is not effective. Advocates also argue the drug can be used to help prevent coronavirus, similar to the drug's effect in preventing malaria. In terms of drug safety, advocates argue the drug has been used in millions of patients for more than 50 years without a high risk of arrhythmias. Several trials are now underway in the United States to test its use against COVID-19, but enrollment has been hampered because of the FDA warning. There will likely be more interest in hydroxychloroquine after it was revealed May 18, 2020, that President Trump is taking the drug for prophylaxis against COVID-19.

 

Related Hydroxychloroquine Content:

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VIDEO: Cardiologists Manage Trial Testing if Hydroxychloroquine Protects Clinicians From COVID-19

First Large-scale U.S. Study on Hydroxychloroquine COVID-19 Prophylaxis Begins in Detroit

AHA, ACC, HRS Caution Use of COVID-19 Therapies Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in Cardiac Patients

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